Today the cost of the case system unit ranges on average from $30 to 150. Which one to choose? It is logical to assume that it is the most expensive. But no, you need to choose the one that best suits your needs.

We won’t talk about outdated case models; you’re unlikely to come across them; it’s better to talk about the most common ones.

There are two types of cases: horizontal And vertical .

Horizontal (Desktop). Cases of this type have become widespread in the West. It is most convenient to place such a system unit directly on the desktop, and place the monitor on top of it. This arrangement has both pros and cons.

The advantages include the possibility of a compact location of the computer on the table, as well as easy access to all buttons and devices of the system unit (for example, the CD drive).

In our opinion, there are several more disadvantages. Saving space is, of course, good, but the free space on the table can be increased by installing the system unit in another place, for example, on a shelf under the table.

As a rule, Desktop cases are somewhat smaller than their vertical counterparts (although there are exceptions in the form of full-size models). Therefore, further upgrading your computer may present you with unpleasant surprises, such as “where can I plug another one?” hard drive?. The limited interior space is also not the most in the best possible way affects the cooling of system unit components.

On sale you can find Desktop cases equipped with a special stand that allows you to place the case vertically. Such cases can be classified as universal rather than desktop (Fig. 3.4).

Rice. 3.4. Vertical Desktop (left) and classic horizontal (right)

Vertical (Tower). These enclosures are divided into several types.

– Mini Tower is the smaller of the brothers, its dimensions (W × H × D) are approximately 18 × 40 × 43 cm (Fig. 3.5). Small dimensions make such a system unit quite stable - this is a plus. The disadvantages include a small number of sections for attaching devices (you can’t get around much). And adding new components to such a case is quite inconvenient (there is still not enough space). Nevertheless, these cases are quite common. Many users who do not plan to improve their machine in the foreseeable future often lean towards this particular housing option.

Rice. 3.5. Mini Tower case

– Midi Tower is perhaps the most common case model, its dimensions are 19 × 45 × 45 cm (Fig. 3.6). This is what the “golden mean” means: the size is relatively small (only about 5 cm higher than the Mini Tower), and there are more sections than its smaller relative, in addition, decent ventilation and the ability to install additional fans (after all there is no limit to perfection). All these features made this model the most popular nowadays.

Rice. 3.6. Midi Tower

– Big Tower is a solid case for a serious computer, its dimensions are 20 × 63 × 48 cm (Fig. 3.7). It has the largest number of 5.25- and 3.5-inch sections for mounting devices, as well as excellent ventilation (and how much space for additional fans!). In such a case the computer will work better and longer. The disadvantages (and we describe it too laudably) include the size (it won’t fit under every table) and the price (the case is large and should cost more).

Rice. 3.7. Hats off, gentlemen! Here is Mr. Big Tower!

Advice

Recently, cases have begun to appear that are something between horizontal and vertical types; they are also called “cube” (Fig. 3.8). We will not dissuade you from such a purchase, but be prepared for the fact that some components will have to be purchased only from strictly defined companies (that support this standard), and this is not very convenient. In general, we advise you to wait a couple more years with experiments and see if these “cubes” take root.

Rice. 3.8. Cube housing

Having summarized the material presented above, we can briefly formulate the main parameters of system unit cases.

Orientation and size. We recommend using vertical Midi Tower enclosures. The disadvantages of horizontal cases, in our opinion, still outweigh their advantages, and the Mini Tower is not much smaller than the Midi Tower, so why complicate your life for the sake of a few extra centimeters!

Number of compartments for mounting devices. Perhaps now you only need one 5.25″ section (for a CD/DVD drive) and two 3.5″ sections (to accommodate the hard drive and floppy drive), but who knows what awaits you and your computer in the future. Tomorrow you will want to add two more to the system unit hard drives and an internal card reader (which, by the way, is also located in the 3.5-inch bay). Therefore, when choosing a case, you should look into the near future. In other words, the case must have a certain number of spare compartments in case of modernization.

For clarity, we provide a summary table with information about the possible number of compartments for various types buildings (Table 3.1).

Table 3.1. Number of compartments for mounting devices in different types of cases (depending on the specific model, different options are possible)

Possibility of adding fans. If you choose the right case, you won’t need to change it for a very long time, but, as a rule, you have to improve the “stuffing” of the system unit quite often. And the more powerful your computer becomes, the more heat it generates, which means the more it needs good ventilation. So take care of this in advance so that you don’t have to change the case along with everything else later.

Quality of construction. Externally, the case may look chic and original, but this does not mean at all that it is of high quality. Carefully examine each part for any defects (such as poorly drilled holes or bent edges). Then inspect all the parts together: do they fit together properly, are there any unnecessary gaps, are the screws screwed in and out well? High-quality cases, as a rule, have walls made of fairly thick metal: when disk drives and fans operate, the unit vibrates less (less vibration means less noise). Therefore, one of the main signs of a high-quality case is weight (the more, the better). However, this statement should not be taken as an axiom. The name of the manufacturer can tell about the quality. Among the most reliable are cases from manufacturers such as PC Power & Cooling and Antec. The cost of such models cannot be called low, but this is the case when savings can be more expensive.

Most users believe that PC cases are not the most important thing in the package. Often, practically no attention is paid to this detail, preferring expensive “filling” to appearance. On the one hand, this is, of course, true, because in all technical systems appearance plays far from the most important role. However, it is PC cases that guarantee the reliability and safety of internal parts. Although they carry auxiliary, but nevertheless important functions. And to maintain the good condition of the processor, the PC case must also be of appropriate quality.

What does the outer shell consist of?

Standard PC cases consist of various types of niches, cavities and connectors for connecting the necessary components. The basic composition includes:

• located, as a rule, there is a niche at the bottom for the power supply;
• places for flexible storage;
• cavity for the processor and cooling system;
• motherboard compartment;
• video card connector;
• additional connectors for various components.

Requirements when choosing a case

The criteria by which the best PC cases are selected depend on the design features and capacity of the outer shell. These usually include:

• type of video cards and their number;
• type of motherboard (ATX, mATX, mini-ITX);
• hard drives and their number;
• ventilation system;
• estimated processor power;
• size of coolers and their number;
• compartments for various drives, rebas;
• the ability to install additional components if necessary.

It is also necessary to decide for what purpose and for what tasks the body is selected. It depends on the intended activities at the computer of a particular user whether it is necessary to select a PC case with the possibility of additional equipment or whether a small ergonomic solution is suitable.

Small Form Factor

This type of case is most often used in offices and is suitable for users working with simple text or image editors, viewing the Internet news feed, movies and web pages.

Small Form Factor is quite convenient, small and ergonomic. The case takes up little space, the mini-PC dimensions are only 20 x 18/23 cm (width x height). The miniature size is also a disadvantage if you need to increase the power of your PC. This type of case is suitable only for installing compact standard parts and provides only 2 expansion slots, a small power supply and several hard drives.

Problems may also arise with ventilation and cooling, however, when the computer is lightly loaded, the user does not experience any discomfort, manifested in the slow operation of the device due to overheating. Although, of course, regular work in demanding programs is fraught with breakdowns for Small Form Factor.

Mini-Tower Form

Unlike the previous one, this type is higher. Dimensions: 15/20 x 30/35 cm. Mini-Tower Form cases can accommodate quite productive and powerful processor. The power of power supplies in such a case is, as a rule, no less than 400 W. All components that can be installed in it may already be more functional, but still must remain miniature.

The case is poorly ventilated, so it is suitable for performing simple tasks in the office and at home, but it certainly will not justify itself when working with “heavy” programs, when running several processes simultaneously or demanding games.

Middle-Tower Form

When choosing this case, you don’t have to worry about numerous upgrades software and various computer games, because it easily accommodates not only the main parts, but also many of their modifications and extensions. Middle-Tower Form is very popular due to its easy placement of several video cards or an additional hard drive.

And (which is an undeniable advantage) it is distinguished from the above types by a reliable ventilation system. The disadvantage, however, will be its rather impressive size: 15/20 x 40/45 cm. But, choosing between ergonomics and performance, many still prefer the second.

Big-Tower

Big-Tower is great for advanced gamers and IT professionals. This type of case is a good shell for powerful computers, which are designed to control other PCs, work in demanding image, video and audio editors or modern games. The case is quite enough to run several “heavy” processes simultaneously without any problems.

A Big-Tower can accommodate multiple hard drives and video cards. This case allows you to place a powerful fan, so the “internals” do not overheat. Its downside will, of course, be its impressive size: 15/20 x 60 cm.

Form factor materials

Not many types of materials are used in the production of computer components. Housings are typically made from two types of materials. These are polymers and metals.

Plastics are represented by polycarbonate. When mixed with other chemicals, this material allows you to recreate various details, while being a fairly budget-friendly solution. Polycarbonate blanks are distinguished by the presence of complex small elements; they are rigid and voluminous. The disadvantage of polymers is their instability to adverse external conditions.

The best PC cases (reliable and durable) are made of metals:

1. Aluminum is light, flexible and beautiful. Products made from it look quite presentable, but they are expensive: aluminum parts are made only by stamping or milling, which entails a large consumption of material. In addition, it will not be difficult to accidentally scratch or make a dent on such a case.
2. Steel cases do not look as attractive as aluminum ones, they are heavier and bulkier, but all the internal parts of the computer will be reliably protected. Steel is a strong and durable material that costs less than aluminum. This material perfectly absorbs all the vibrations generated by the internal “filling” of the computer, reducing the noise ability of the video card, coolers and other parts.

Ventilation system

Cooling a PC case is a fairly important function, the need for availability and power of which depends on the performance of the processor. The action of the ventilation system mainly affects the cooling of the processor, and the correct distribution of air circulation affects the overall operation of the computer.

The number of fans does not always equal the quality of the “blowing”, because air flows, if they spread in opposite directions, can mix. Inadequate ventilation causes overheating and causes breakdowns.

In the standard design, one fan is installed at the entrance, drawing air from the room where the PC is located. On the rear wall there is a smaller cooler that works to remove flow from the system. This design is complemented by elements at the top and side walls. As a result, the system creates good thrust, the body begins to work like a wind tunnel: air passing through the parts cools them and goes out.

In general, to ensure high-quality air circulation, the following points must be taken into account:

• it is necessary to install fans so that all flows are equally directed;
• Do not place the block on its side - this will cause hot air to rise upward;
• poorly secured cables can disrupt the flow;
• It is better to use fans with large blades, as they create a more powerful air flow at fewer revolutions;
• It is also necessary to pay attention to the volume of air that the fans supply per unit of time.

Anti-dust filters, which are often installed with coolers, do not add any special benefits. The dust mesh becomes clogged over several months of active computer operation, after which the part only contributes to overheating of the processor and impedes the free movement of air flow.

Case modifications

Many people choose a 2016 PC case not only for performance, but also for appearance and compliance with the latest trends. The standard vertical view is a tower shape and is often located next to the monitor or under the desk, but recently horizontal PC cases have become common.

The horizontal form is called “desktop”. Most often, such a block can be observed under the monitor. From the outside it looks neat and elegant. The disadvantages of a horizontal case include the fact that it is difficult to assemble and repair. And since the dimensions of the desktop are smaller than those of the vertical type, the internal part is also less productive. So on at the moment When choosing a PC case, preference is still given to tower form factors. This is a standard solution that has proven itself well.

On the component market you can often see PC cases with power supply. However, it is better to take the parts separately, because even with good cases, as a rule, they are not very good good quality power supplies.

Decoration of buildings

Gamers, especially professional ones, do not miss the opportunity to highlight the case of their own computer with an individual design. Despite the fact that this design should first of all be ergonomic, there are also quite beautiful buildings for PC.

The most common solution is to use backlighting for the case or aggressive coloring, and among the practical design and engineering design options, it is worth noting the presence of various types of connectors.

A transparent PC case has also become a fashionable innovation. It is made from plexiglass or plexiglass. Plexiglass is not very durable, so manufacturers make three sides from a single piece of this material. Accordingly, the complexity of manufacturing affects the final price of this design.

In addition to the original design, the advantages of this type The design includes lightness, as well as effective smoothing of various noises and vibrations. However, it is believed that the transparent model does not have sufficient technical characteristics and does not meet the requirements for protection against electromagnetic radiation.

Backlight

A backlit PC case can be an interesting design solution. Today, there are three main computer backlight technologies in use:

• Cold cathode fluorescent lamps are the most common devices for decorative lighting. They are very bright and come in a wide range of colors.
• Recently, fans have begun to be used together with fluorescent lamps, which can create real color music.
• In addition to fans and cold cathode lamps, mini-spotlights are also used, which can produce one or more colors.

In the latter case, the user has access to a controller whose knobs adjust the intensity and direction of the red, blue and green rays. As a result of their fusion, other shades can be obtained.

The best PC cases are currently made by companies such as Zalman, Aerocool, Gamemax, Deepcool, DTS, Thermaltake, NZXT, Logicpower, Fractal Design. Model range represented by a large number of models.

It is advisable to purchase components from European manufacturers. Chinese products are rarely different high quality, but even among them sometimes there are worthwhile options.

The case is designed to accommodate all computer components: motherboard, processor, memory, video card, hard drives, optical drive, power supply and various expansion cards. It has mounts for all these devices, buttons to turn on and restart the computer, indicators of its operation, additional connectors and a cooling system (fans and vents).

The most common are Midi-Tower cases, suitable for installing motherboards of ATX size and smaller (Mini-ATX, Micro-ATX). They fit perfectly on most computers.

For an office computer (documents, Internet), it is most profitable to purchase a case complete with a 400-500 W power supply. Among the quality cases with power supply that can be found on sale, I recommend AeroCool, Cooler Master, Zalman, Chieftec, Xigmatek and ASUS (Vento). In this case, the most inexpensive type AeroCool CS-1101 with a 500 W power supply is suitable.
Computer case AeroCool CS-1101 500W Black

For an entry-level gaming computer (Core-i3 or Ryzen-3 + GTX-1050/1060), you can also take a case complete with a 500-600 W power supply from the same brands. As a minimum option, you can consider AeroCool V3X with a 600 W power supply.
Computer case AeroCool V3X Advance Devil Red Edition 600W

For a mid-class work or gaming computer (Core-i5 or Ryzen 5 + GTX-1070), it is better to buy a separate case. The best cases in terms of price/quality ratio are AeroCool, Zalman and Cooler Master. One of the most successful inexpensive models is Zalman Z1 (Black and Neo).
Computer case Zalman Z1 Black

For a powerful professional or gaming computer (Core-i7 or Ryzen-7 + GTX-1080), it is advisable to take a larger case. It will allow you to place a long video card, a powerful cooler or water system cooling and will provide better ventilation. Recommended brands AeroCool, Zalman, NZXT, Cooler Master, Thermaltake. Again, I recommend AeroCool Aero-800 as a minimum option.
Computer case AeroCool Aero-800

2. Case without power supply

3. Case with power supply

If you are assembling an office or home computer, you can save money and purchase a good case complete with a power supply.

3.1. Power supply power

Cases for office and home computers can be supplied with power supplies with a capacity of 300-600 Watts. In small cases for media centers, the power supply can be only 100-250 Watts, which is quite enough for watching video, but clearly not enough if you want to install a powerful video card to play on the TV screen.

For an office computer, a 400-watt power supply is sufficient. For a home multimedia computer, the power supply should be 450-500 watts. For a powerful gaming computer, at least 600 watts is desirable.

3.2. Power supply power calculation

The power of the power supply can be calculated manually. To do this, you need to find the energy consumption of all computer components on the manufacturers' websites and add them up. To this amount you need to add 15-30% for higher reliability and to eliminate voltage sags during peak loads, to which video cards react very painfully.

But there is more convenient way! The power supply power can be calculated using special program « Power Supply Calculator". It also allows you to calculate the required power of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS or UPS).

The program works for everyone Windows versions with Microsoft .NET Framework version 3.5 or higher installed, which is usually already installed for most users. You can download the “Power Supply Calculator” program and if you need the “Microsoft .NET Framework” at the end of the article in the “” section.

3.3. Power supply configuration and location

Pay attention to the types and number of power supply connectors. As for its location, it can be upper or lower.

The lower location of the power supply is considered more progressive, but in general this does not matter. But if you purchase a large case without a power supply and it is intended to be located at the bottom of the case, then choose a power supply with longer wires, otherwise they may be a stretch to connect.

4. Case price

I don't recommend buying a case that costs $30-40. In this case, you will end up with a bad case with a very bad power supply. Cases with more or less normal power supplies cost from $50. The power supplies in these cases are inferior to analogues that are sold separately, but are still better than the cheapest models and are quite suitable for office or not very powerful home computer.

5. Case manufacturers

Some manufacturers produce only cases without power supplies, some only with power supplies, and some both.

5.1. Manufacturers of cases without power supplies

If you plan to purchase a power supply separately, then a good addition to it would be a high-quality case from one of the most popular manufacturers: Chieftec, Cooler Master, Thermaltake.

Not long ago, well-known manufacturers of components for enthusiasts entered the computer case market: Corsair and Zalman, which I also recommend.

If you are looking for a more economical, but still quite high-quality case, pay attention to the brands: AeroCool and Antec.

It is worth noting that there is no longer a clear division between brands in terms of price, when the cases of one brand were only expensive, and the other was only cheap. Therefore, when choosing a case, you can consider cases from all the manufacturers listed here.

5.2. Manufacturers of cases with power supplies

If you decide to purchase a case complete with a power supply, then good choice there will be a case manufactured: Cooler Master or AeroCool.

A more economical, but quite acceptable option would be to purchase housing brands: Foxconn, FSP, InWin.

6. Types and sizes of housings

Computer cases are divided into horizontal (Desktop) and vertical (Tower). But both of them can have different sizes.

6.1. Horizontal enclosures

Horizontal cases were previously used mainly in offices to save space and monitors were installed directly on them.

Now such cases can be found in some supermarkets, but they are mainly used for assembling multimedia centers that can be located in a TV stand.

Horizontal enclosures have the following types:

• Slim-Desktop - thin body
• Full-Desktop - standard case

6.2. Vertical enclosures

For assembly modern computers Mainly vertical enclosures are used. Usually they are installed on a special stand or simply on the floor.

Vertical enclosures have the following types:

• Micro-Tower - miniature case
• Mini-Tower - low case of an outdated format
• Midi-Tower - the most common format
• Full-Tower – a large case for gaming computers
• Super-Tower - a very large case for powerful computers and servers

For office and home computers, it is better to use the most versatile Midi-Tower cases. For powerful gaming computers that install large video cards and coolers, it is advisable to use more spacious Midi-Tower or Full-Tower cases. They have better arrangement of components and ventilation.

7. Motherboard form factor

Depending on the size, the case can accommodate motherboards of different sizes. Typically, motherboards of ATX format and smaller (MicroATX, Mini-ITX) can be installed in Midi-Tower cases. You can install a motherboard no larger than MicroATX in Mini-Tower cases, and Mini-ITX in cases for multimedia centers. Full-Tower cases can accommodate large motherboards in E-ATX and XL-ATX formats.

All cases have mounts for supported motherboard formats. Which form factors of motherboards are supported by a particular case must be indicated on the website of the seller and the case manufacturer.

For office and home computers, I recommend purchasing a case that supports ATX motherboards, even if you purchase a smaller motherboard. This will provide greater choice of motherboard in case of replacement, as well as the installation of larger components and better ventilation in the case.

If you are assembling a gaming computer with a large, powerful video card, then you must take into account its length, otherwise it may not fit into the case. You can find out what maximum video card length the case supports on the seller’s or manufacturer’s website.

9. Cooling system

9.1. Fans and vents

Older cases had 80mm fans installed. This solution can still be found in some cheap models. It is desirable that back panel The case provided for the installation of a 120 mm fan, as it is quieter and more efficient. One fan is usually included with the case and in most cases this is enough, but if necessary you can install additional ones.

Some more expensive cases may have additional fans in the front, side, top, or even bottom of the case. There may also be many ventilation holes. Such cases are intended mainly for powerful gaming computers and require a reasonable placement of quiet fans. For regular home computers, extra holes, especially in the top cover of the case, can lead to excess dust and sometimes you can even spill something into them.

Cases can also have dust filters, which is generally good, but requires regular cleaning or replacement, since otherwise they will only interfere with cooling. In principle, they can be removed or replaced with homemade ones at any time.

The front panel of the case (front or side) may have various connectors for connecting external devices. It is desirable that the front panel of the case have 2 USB connectors and 2 audio connectors for connecting headphones and a microphone.

How convenient the location of the connectors will be for you depends on where and how the system unit will be installed.

11. External compartments

Almost all cases have from 1 to 4 external 5.25″ bays for installing an optical drive. If you plan to install several of these devices, such as a Blu-ray drive and a cheaper DVD-RW drive for everyday use, then pay attention to this. These compartments can also be used to install control panels for various additional devices. Usually one such compartment is enough, but it is still desirable to have several of them.

The case may have 1-2 external 3.5″ bays, which were previously used to install a drive. Now there is no need for them, but if such a compartment exists, then you can install a card reader for reading memory cards or an additional socket with some other connectors in it. But usually this is not necessary.

12. Internal compartments

Most cases have 4-6 internal 3.5″ bays for installing regular hard drives. Usually this is enough, but if you plan to install several disks, keep in mind that it is advisable to install them one after the other, i.e. leave an empty compartment between them. Moreover, if the case is small and the video card is long, then it may interfere with the installation of the second disk or they will have to be placed back to back one on top of the other.

Some, mostly compact cases, may have 2.5″ bays into which you can install SSD drive or laptop hard drive. In standard cases, you will have to purchase a special mount for this.

The most modern and well-thought-out cases have one common 5.25″ rack with the ability to mount different drives in arbitrary places. For this purpose, additional mounting frames are used into which 3.5″ or 2.5″ discs are inserted. This frame can be installed anywhere on the rack, which is very convenient. But, such cases are more expensive and are intended mainly for professional and gaming computers.

13. Slots for expansion cards

Cases for ATX format motherboards usually have 7 slots for expansion cards, MicroATX format - 4 slots, which corresponds to the number of corresponding connectors on these motherboards. Smaller or larger chassis may have a different number of slots. This usually doesn't cause problems, but keep in mind that the number of chassis slots must be at least equal to the number of motherboard slots.

14. Case design

Various decorative elements can be used in the design of the body. The chassis may have a front door that covers all or part of the front panel, underneath which there may be optical drive, power button, additional connectors. This makes the appearance more aesthetically pleasing, but using elements behind the door is extremely inconvenient, since you will have to constantly open it.

One of the side covers of the housing may have a transparent window. These cases are mainly intended for enthusiasts. If the system unit is assembled from powerful, beautiful components, there are no wires sticking out anywhere, additional lighting is used inside the case, and it is placed in a visible place, then all this can look interesting.

As for backlit fans, although it seems beautiful at first glance, it can irritate those nearby. Think about where and how the system unit will stand and in which direction the light will go. It should not hit anyone in the eyes, especially in the dark.

15. Housing material

Most cases have a steel frame and a front panel made of plastic or a combination of plastic and metal mesh.

The thickness of the frame metal may vary. In cheap cases this is usually 0.4-0.5 mm; such metal bends easily and the case can rattle. It is better to choose cases with a metal thickness of 0.55-0.8 mm.

Some more expensive cases are made of aluminum. Aluminum cases have a more solid appearance, but this has little effect on its other indicators.

16. Case color

As for the color of the case, the most universal cases are black or black-silver, as they go well with other computer devices, modern household appliances and interior.

But the most important thing is that you like the body. Then looking at it and pressing the power button you will receive aesthetic pleasure.

17. Setting up filters in the online store

1. Go to the “Enclosures” section on the seller’s website.
2. Select recommended manufacturers.
3. Select the power of the power supply.
4. Set other parameters that are important to you.
5. Look through the items sequentially, starting with the cheapest ones.
6. If necessary, check the missing data on the manufacturer's website.
7. Buy a model that is suitable in terms of parameters and design.

Thus, you will receive the best price/quality ratio case that meets your requirements at the lowest possible cost.

18. Links

Computer case Zalman Z9 U3 Black
Computer case Zalman Z11 Neo

Case quality

Metal thickness

The main parameter of the quality of the case is the thickness of the metal of its chassis (supporting frame), as well as the walls (casing). If the chassis is made of thick metal, then there is virtually no noise or vibration. In addition, such a case is durable, which is also important. If the chassis is good, then the walls (casing) are the same. On the contrary, in cheap cases the walls easily bend, like tin. It is recommended to choose a case with a chassis metal thickness of at least 0.8 mm, preferably 1 mm.

Sleek chassis

For some models, the edges of the chassis are not processed. Therefore, during installation, if you do not work with a file yourself, you can cut your hand or drive in a metal splinter. There are cases with machined smooth edges and even painted chassis.

Low emission to the outside

A good case should be shielded, i.e. do not release radio frequency interference that interferes with external devices and consumer electronics. Radiation is detected, for example, if you approach a computer with a radio receiver with the casing removed, the sound will immediately become filled with crackling and hissing.

The criterion is that the specification complies with the strict (American) FCC Class B standard for the amount of radiation from office and home computers.

The best cases are coated on the inside with permalloy, a material that does not transmit low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Cases with such a coating cost about 2 times more than regular ones.

Shielding is performed by tightly fitting the walls to the chassis using special tabs.

power unit

Power

There are several standard power ratings. For a home computer, 200, 235 and 250 W are suitable, and the last two values ​​are typical for ATX cases. Note that, despite forecasts of reduced power consumption, modern high-speed hard drives and graphics accelerators are likely to raise the bar. The same applies to magneto-optics. Since it is useful to have a power reserve, a power of 235 W is recommended.

The suspend to RAM function requires a large current (720 mA, otherwise you won’t be able to power the memory). This current is provided by Elan 10AB (750). Apparently, therefore, more power will not hurt.

Note that the processor output AMD Athlon overturned established ideas about power: for it, a power supply unit of at least 300 W is recommended.

Power supply quality

The power supply is required to consistently deliver the required ratings and serve for a long time without failure. Evolved blocks also correct (to a greater or lesser extent) variations in the input power. A striking example is the Seasonic SR-250FS-Rx power supply, which allows very wide variations: 180-264 V in voltage and 47-63 Hz in frequency.

The quality of the power supply largely determines the longevity of the internal components. If the power supply fails, then, firstly, no external devices power supplies (filters, stabilizers, etc.) will not help.

The life of the power supply is 4-7 years, and you can extend it by turning off and turning on the computer less often, and the interval between successive turning off and turning on should be at least 10 seconds. When a power supply fails, it is easier to replace it than to repair it.

The minimum requirements for a power supply are the presence of at least one certificate from reputable testing laboratories from among: UL, CSA, TUV, CB, CE, VDE, FCC, FTZ, DEMKO, NEMKO, FIMKO & SEMKO (this is specified in the specification for the unit). The corresponding stickers are located in a visible place on the block. Typically, sellers' offers are limited to mentioning TUV (which, in principle, is sufficient).

Switch or socket

On the power supply, in addition to the mains plug, there may be either a socket for powering the display or a switch

With ATX power supply, voltage is constantly supplied to the motherboard. If you need to carry out work inside the case, you need to turn off the power to the computer. The power supply with a switch allows you to quickly and conveniently disconnect power from the motherboard.

Preference is given to a switch that provides additional convenience. Then connect the display to a separate outlet using its standard cable. When connecting through the case, you save on a socket, but you need an adapter, so the gain is dubious.

In the case of AT power, using a power outlet is not advisable, since the computer's power button simultaneously turns on both the computer and the display. This leads to burnout of the switch, since the 17" CRT display consumes a decent amount of current.

Case functionality

Removable side panel provides easy access to internal components. For some cases, both sides are removed (in this case, for rigidity, the top wall is usually integral with the chassis). In the traditional design, the casing is U-shaped.

For quick removal (of the casing or wall), knurled screws (thumb) or snap locks are used instead of traditional screws. This allows you to do without a screwdriver at all.

Some cases also use a sliding frame on which a plate with a system board is placed. There is no need to remove everything inserted into the board, including cards. However, the need to disconnect the indicator wiring from the board, as well as to rotate the case (if it is pushed up against the wall) reduces the attractiveness of this solution.

Control button design

On the front side there are at least 2 buttons: power on (POWER) and reboot (RESET, reset). There are certain requirements for their design (for example, it’s really bad if they are all the same, for example, round, the same diameter and color, and located close to each other).

Requirements for the power button:

Should stand out in color and size from others;

It should not protrude; it is better when it is slightly recessed (this way it is less damaged and it is more difficult to accidentally press it).

For AT type power, the best switch is a toggle switch. For ATX power supply, this is in principle impossible, since the duration of pressing is also measured here (advanced BIOSes are programmed to turn off the power in an emergency when pressed for more than 4 seconds, when the main button does not work)

Reset button

This button should be shallow and recessed to make it difficult to press unintentionally. The best option is when it is so small that it can only be pressed with a thin object such as a ballpoint pen.

Sleep button

Available on some ATX cases. Allows you to instantly send the computer to sleep (energy saving mode) if you need to pause work. A more expensive alternative is to use a keyboard with the same button.

Power supply location

The power supply in the tower is usually located at the top of the case, and below it is the motherboard. In fairly tall cases, the power supply is located completely above the motherboard, so that their projections on the side wall do not intersect. This is the usual "no overlap" arrangement.

This is especially clear when the unit is lying on a shelf (it is also possible to simply mount it with screws to the back wall).

In lower cases (39 cm and below), these projections partially intersect, since the power supply is rotated 90° relative to the longitudinal axis. Therefore, such cases are slightly wider than usual ones - about 22 cm. There is a processor socket on the motherboard under the power supply.

The height of the case must be at least 42 cm. Firstly, this almost guarantees that the power supply is located without overlap. But the main thing is that such a case can block a 17-inch display from side light.

Easy replacement of drives

We are talking about replacing (removing, inserting) drives without removing the plate with the system board, but only by removing the walls (or even one wall).

It's all about the right (if you look from front side case) screws securing the drive to the frame of the compartments, which are closed with a plate (the screws on the left are always accessible).

There are cases where this replacement is possible. The following solutions are used there:

The box of small compartments is made removable (slides out on a slide to the left). At the same time, if the box contains a drive that is inserted into the compartment, then the front panel must also be removed.

On the plate supporting the motherboard, holes are made opposite the screws, so that you can work with the screws with a screwdriver and tweezers.

The plate on which the motherboard is mounted is mounted on a frame that slides back on a slide. Then it is enough to move the frame (by moving the latch) 10-15 cm to gain access to the right drive screws. There is no need to remove the drive cables. Usually there is no need to remove thin LED wiring, since on most ATX boards they are located in the lower, near corner of the board.

All good modern cases provide the possibility of installing an additional fan (the main one is built into the power supply). It is used to cool such “hot” devices as high-speed disks (7200 rpm and higher), a modern 3D graphics card, and an overclocked processor. Installability means there is a grid in the chassis and space for screws.

Space for an additional fan is provided either in the front, at the bottom, or in the back, under the power supply.

In the first case, the flow passes through the body, which is optimal for cooling. These models are recognized by the decorative grilles in front (through which air is drawn in). However, the front intake creates additional noise.

In the second case, the air flow is not optimal, but the additional fan accurately blows the processor. In addition, this option is quieter.

Some models provide both types of installation of additional fans.

Some cases have a slot-shaped compartment for the float guide. It looks attractive, but the floppy disk has to be literally plucked from the case.

These same cases sometimes have a deeper bezel, making it also difficult to remove or insert a CD.

Window for IR transmitter

Some cases have a hole and a mounting socket on the inside for mounting the “eye” of the IR transmitter (on infrared rays), which is usually used for wireless transmission to the printer. Only a small number of buildings have such a window.

Note that an alternative is IR transmitters mounted in a small compartment of the case.

ATX stands for AT eXtension and is an Intel specification for the case and motherboard (the specification has several editions).

It would seem that it could be easier choice PC cases, because it is not the processor or video card that affects system performance. However, it is an incorrectly selected case that becomes a problem for many users in terms of the performance of all components in the system unit. From this article, the reader will learn what types of cases there are, how to choose the right one from the assortment on the market, and which manufacturers should be preferred when purchasing.

Planning your PC case placement

First of all, you need to think about installing the system unit at the user’s workplace - where the case will stand. There are not so many placements: on the table, under the table or near the workplace. Hence the requirements for the dimensions of the device, its weight and form factor. Not all buyers know that PC case manufacturers produce their products for both vertical installation and horizontal installation for the convenience of users.

Also an important factor in planning the placement of the system unit is the presence of fresh air in the room. If heat dissipation is poor and installation below the desktop level, it is recommended to purchase a vertically installed system unit. If you need a compact device and there is ventilation in the room, then it is better to give preference to a system unit with a horizontal arrangement - you can install it under the monitor or near it.

Case form factor

In the computer market, a buyer may get confused if faced with the choice of device form factor. A lot of abbreviations, the difference between which does not make much difference in appearance. To make it easier to navigate, professionals recommend using only three terms, which the sellers themselves will focus on when making a purchase:

• mini-case - compact dimensions allow the device not to take up much space, and its light weight makes it possible to transport the system unit without much effort (in analogy - a huge laptop);
• regular case - most system units on the market (about 90%) have standard PC case sizes (180x410x385 mm);
• tower case - based on expensive system units of this type, all gaming solutions for customers are implemented, because ease of installation and decent ventilation will always be in the first place.

Power supply included

There are beliefs that all PC cases that come with power supplies included are consumer products. This is partly true, because most manufacturers of budget devices find it profitable to make money by selling two devices rather than just one. However, well-known global brands, focusing on user requirements, often supply expensive cases with powerful power supplies. Naturally, the price of such solutions is an order of magnitude higher than consumer products.

In this situation, IT specialists still recommend that they give preference to purchasing the case and power supply separately. The power supply power calculation should be based on the total electricity consumption of all installed components, and not vice versa. In addition, in the computer market, power calculations are always made with a margin (at least 30%).

Manufacturers of expensive PC cases

It is clear that all buyers want to give preference to a well-known brand, but often they have to pay a lot extra for the name of the manufacturer. And if we are talking about recommendations, then it is worth taking a closer look at the following brands on the computer market:

1. Zalman. The company is known to users for its solutions in the field of cooling systems, so there is no doubt that the manufacturer will provide its product with decent ventilation. Choosing a PC case from the company's entire line will be the best purchase for the future owner.
2. Thermaltake. The most expensive representative of the American manufacturer differs from its competitors in its recognizable design. Basically, all of the company's solutions are implemented in the form of tower cases designed for overlockers: many free space inside, excellent ventilation and external attractiveness find their buyers anywhere in the world.
3. Aerocool, Chieftec, Gigabyte, Fractal Design. These manufacturers make decent PC cases. But their desire to conquer all niches confuses many potential buyers. If price is a priority, then you should take a closer look at these brands.

Cheap class of system units

For budget-class devices, the main criterion is build quality. Attention should be paid to the material of manufacture. In most cases, to reduce costs, the manufacturer uses very thin metal, which, along with low strength, has sharp edges at the joints, which is why many users can cut their hands when installing components. The best budget PC cases are offered without a power supply included.

However, it is inexpensive solutions that attract many buyers, because manufacturers, trying to stand out in the market, provide their solutions with additional functionality: liquid crystal displays, card readers, bright neon lighting and many other functions that can attract attention to the product. Here it is up to the buyer to decide what is more important to him: quality or price.

Development of the modding direction

Many owners personal computers, trying to stand out among their peers, prefer to make a PC case with their own hands. For these purposes, you purchase a special device called a Dremel, which modifies the system unit. The main advantage of this improvement is the manufacture of the case for the specific needs of the user with minimal costs. By purchasing the cheapest device on the market, you can use its platform to create a real masterpiece that can compete with elite cases with its functionality and ease of use.

Naturally, having a metalworking tool for these purposes is not enough. You must have design skills and knowledge in the field computer technology. To ensure adequate ventilation inside the case, it is recommended to cut out windows on the cover of the system unit to install additional coolers. Give beautiful view A glowing one will help. The main thing is not to forget the basic rule of modding: you must not violate the integrity of the frame of the load-bearing part of the structure.

DIY case from scratch

There are quite a lot of people creating a PC case from scratch with their own hands. However, only a few people think about why manufacturers make system units from steel or aluminum, because plastic is much cheaper. It's all about the static voltage that each component installed in the case has - the excess current is absorbed by the metal frame of the device, which plastic or wood will not do.

And if the user has the idea of ​​​​creating a case with his own hands, then it is necessary to take care of creating a metal contour inside the device, also called a mass. Before making a PC case, you need to carefully calculate the dimensions of the supporting structure, create blocks for installing components and combine all the elements into one electrical circuit. Otherwise, all devices inside the system unit may simply burn out.

In conclusion

As a result, it turns out that before choosing a PC case, a potential buyer must first decide on the price. Next step are the requirements for system performance: it requires decent cooling, and for an office PC, compactness is a priority. People who want to create a case with their own hands will definitely need knowledge of physics and a special tool for metal processing. The choice, as always, is up to the user, but do not forget that the cost of the components installed inside the system unit is significantly higher than the price of the case; accordingly, all modifications of the supporting device proportionally affect the expensive equipment.